Method of bottleneck identification for massive crowd circulating network

MA Jian, XU Sumei, FAN Wenbo, SONG Weiguo

Systems Engineering - Theory & Practice ›› 2016, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1) : 164-173.

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Systems Engineering - Theory & Practice ›› 2016, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1) : 164-173. DOI: 10.12011/1000-6788(2016)01-0164-10

Method of bottleneck identification for massive crowd circulating network

  • MA Jian1, XU Sumei1, FAN Wenbo1, SONG Weiguo2
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Abstract

Under scenario of sports events and other kinds of massive gathering, a large amount of people would travel along road networks, thus forming crowded pedestrians. The high density situation might induce in mass panic and stampede, causing serious injuries and casualties. Therefore, it is necessary to firstly understand pedestrian flow features on the corresponding network and then apply proper control method to organize and manage pedestrian flow. Firstly, considering general characteristics of travelers' route choice behavior, all these pedestrians are dynamically assigned onto the road network via a traffic assignment model. Secondly, a nonlinear pedestrian road impedance function is introduced to address the congestion effects of massive crowds, and the pedestrian travel time changing rate is calculated for each link under various traffic volumes. It is proposed to sort the networks links according to the travel time changing rate. The rank is thus defined as a measurement of the structural importance of each link. Further, the structural importance is used to determine link robustness under different pedestrian traffic demand. Combing the result of structural importance and link robustness, bottleneck of the crowd circulating network can be identified. Finally, the Love Parade 2010 in Duisburg (an electronic music festival) is adopted as a case to illustrate the applicability of the proposed network bottleneck identification method. The threshold of pedestrian volume on the network and the effect of road control strategy are further investigated, the obtained basic data and theoretical results can benefit scientific planning and management of massive crowd road traffic.

Key words

massive crowds / transportation network / bottleneck identification / pedestrian road impedance function / importance of network components

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MA Jian , XU Sumei , FAN Wenbo , SONG Weiguo. Method of bottleneck identification for massive crowd circulating network. Systems Engineering - Theory & Practice, 2016, 36(1): 164-173 https://doi.org/10.12011/1000-6788(2016)01-0164-10

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Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (71103148, 51178445, 71473207); Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2682014CX103)
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