在全球经济复苏乏力的背景下，"逆全球化"浪潮正以不可思议的速度席卷全球，并顺势引导着我们重新审视"全球化"的益处及其隐形成本.鉴于目前并没有相关文献从理论上探讨出口扩张对健康的影响，本文以中国改革开放以来迅猛的出口扩张为背景进行了首次探索.本文构建了一个工人们与其雇主讨价还价的企业出口模型框架，厂商依据利润最大化原理选择最优的资本、劳动和原材料的投入之后，每个工人也会选择"最优的工作努力程度"使得努力的边际收益等于努力的边际成本.然后，依据Grossman健康需求模型，本文系统地探讨了由外生性原因引致的出口扩张影响工人健康的五个路径，包括工作强度，工资率，收入差距，公共服务和环境污染.最后，依据文章结论提出相应的政策建议.
Abstract
The generally slow growth rates in the aftermath of the global financial crisis have prompted many nations to pursue the political and economic policies that lead the wave of "anti-globalization". To reflect on the phenomenon of "anti-globalization", we need to have a better understanding of the benefits of globalization and its "hidden" costs. In view that there is no literature to explore the impact of export expansion on health theoretically, this paper made the first attempt to examine the relationship between export expansion and health based on China's powerful context. We consider a framework where workers bargain with their employer, and the firm chooses the optimal capital, labor, and materials based on the maximization of profit function. Each worker chooses the optimal effort level by equalizing the marginal benefit of effort, determined through bargaining, with the marginal cost of effort. Based on an extended Grossman health demand model, we systematically examine the channels through which export expansion affects health, i.e., work intensity, wage rate, income inequality, the provision level of public service, and environmental quality. Finally, we give the corresponding policy implications based on our conclusion.
关键词
出口扩张 /
健康 /
Grossman健康需求模型
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Key words
export expansion /
health /
Grossman health demand model
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中图分类号：
F752
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参考文献
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基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目（71903111）；国家社会科学基金重大项目（17ZDA040）；中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目（2019M652414）；山东大学基本科研业务费专项基金（2018GN049）
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